1. Spreadsheet A program designed to process information in the form of tables.
   
   
2. Benefits
   • What-if Scenarios Use of a spreadsheet in which test data can be entered to see how it affects an outcome.
   • SimulationsUse of a spreadsheet to create a numeric likeness of anything that can be described with numbers (ranging from a family budget to the world's population).
   
   
3. Cells and Cell Contents
   • Row Goes across the screen.
   • Column Goes down the screen.
   • Cell The intersection of a row and a column in a spreadsheet worksheet.
   • Cell Address The unique cell location identified by its column and row designators.
   • Active Cell/Current Cell The highlighted cell which will receive the data being entered or changed.
   • Cell Types
     • Label A heading or description that helps someone viewing the spreadsheet to understand it.
     • Value A number entered into the spreadsheet without symbols, and then formatted so that the symbols are inserted automatically.
     • Formula Data entered into a spreadsheet which includes one or more mathematical operators that indicate the computations to be performed. The mathematical expressions do not show in on the worksheet, but remain hidden under the cell while the results are shown in the cell.
       • Arithmetic Operations
         Heirarchal Order Of Operations
         1. Parentheses (......)
         2. Exponential (^) (raise to the power of)
         3. Multiplication (*) & Division (/)
         4. Addition (+) & Subtraction (-)
       • Functions Math processes built in to the spreadsheet which make writing complex formulas easier and quicker.
         
         • SUM
         • AVERAGE
         • INT
         • PMT
         • IF
           • Logical Test Argument
           • Value-If-True Argument
           • Value-If-False Argument
         • MAX
         • MIN
         • others
       • Arguments The values on which a function performs its calculations, and can be a single cell, a range of cells, or any value entered.
     • Range/Block of cells. Any rectangular area (of cells) that can be defined by its top left and bottom right corners.
   • Cell reference A cell address used to identify a specific cell in a formula, in which the value of the cell is used in the formula.
     • Relative Cell Reference A cell reference that seem to change cell references in formulas when copied or moved to other cell locations, but actually retain their relative positioning information.
     • Absolute Cell Reference Cell references that do not change in formulas when copied or moved to other cell locations.
   
   
4. Operating Mode Displayed in the status line at the bottom of the screen, .....
   • Ready A Spreadsheet operating mode that is idle, waiting for the user to enter data or a command.
   • Edit A Spreadsheet operating mode that is accepting the entry or editing of data into a cell.
   • Wait A spreadsheet operating mode that suspends the Ready and Edit modes while the spreadsheet program performs internal computations.
   
   
5. Charts/Graphs
   
   • Column Chart A chart that represents data by the height of vertical columns.
   • Bar Chart A chart that represents data by the length of horizontal bars. Sometimes used to compare one item to another, or to compare different items over a period of time.
   • Line Chart A chart consisting of a series of data at various points along an axis with the points being connected by by a line.
   • Area Chart A chart that shows the area below a line with a color or pattern.
   • Pie Chart A circular chart in which each piece (wedge) shows a data segment and its relationship to the whole.
   • XY or Scatter A chart in which data points are placed along the Value (Y) axis and a numeric axis
   
   
6. Spreadsheet/Windows Screen Items
   
   • Title Bar Shows the name of the document the user is working with.
   • Menu Bar Provides access to all commands.
   • Tool Bar Provides access to frequently used commands.
   • Window Controls Enables user to zoom a window, restore a window's previous position, or hide a window from view.
   • Scroll Bars Scrolls the document to bring hidden portions into view.
   • Status Bar Provides information about the spreadsheet and shows program messages.
   • Formula Bar Shows the contents of the active cell and enables the user to enter data or formulas into the cell.
   • Sheet Tab Enables the user to select a worksheet.
   • Worksheet A workspace formed by rows and columns. A matrix of rows and columns.
   • Worksheet Frame Borders the top and left margins of the worksheet and is formed by the column headers and the row headers.
     • Column Headers Labels each column with a letter of the alphabet, and enables the user to select an entire column by clicking.
     • Row Headers Labels each column with a number, and enables the user to select an entire row by clicking.
   • Function Button Located across the top of the keyboard and are programmed to issue commands to a computer.
   • Function List Displays various functions
   • Formula Palette
   • Edit Formula Button
   • Formula Result
   • AutoSum Button
   • Selected Cell
   • Active Cell
   • Currently Selected Range
   • Result